Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is an infection of a woman’s reproductive organs, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. It usually happens when bacteria travel upward from the vagina or cervix. The most common cause is sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like chlamydia or gonorrhoea, but it can also occur after childbirth, miscarriage, abortion, or medical procedures involving the uterus.

Symptoms of PID may include lower abdominal pain, unusual vaginal discharge, pain during sex, irregular periods, fever, or burning sensation while passing urine. However, some women may have mild or no symptoms, making it easy for the condition to go unnoticed.

If left untreated, PID can cause serious complications such as chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy outside the womb).

Diagnosis is based on symptoms, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests or ultrasound. Treatment involves antibiotics to clear the infection. In severe cases, hospitalization may be needed.

Prevention includes practising safe sex (using condoms), regular STI screening, and prompt treatment of any infections. Women should seek medical attention early if they have symptoms, as timely treatment can prevent long-term damage and protect reproductive health. Early awareness is key to avoiding complications from PID.

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